Tellur (Te)

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Tellur 52Te127.60

1783 von Baron Franz Joseph Müller von Reichenstein in Sibiu, Rumänien, entdeckt.

[Lateinisch, tellus = Erde]

French: tellure
English: tellurium
Italian: tellurio
Spanish: teluro

Beschreibung: Kompakt is es silberweiß und metallisch aussehend, gewöhnlich wird es als dunkel-graues Pulver erhalten. Halbmetall. Verbrennt in Luft oder Sauerstoff. Wird von Wasser oder HCl nicht angegriffen, löst sich aber in HNO3. Verwendung: Chemikalien, Katalysatoren, Elektronik, Legierungen.

  

Tellur single crystal properties

State: Single crystal
Crystal structure: Hexagonal
Production method: Czochralski
Standard size: diameter 10mm
thickness 1-2mm
Orientation: (0001), (1100) and (11-20)
Orientation accuracy: <2°, <1°, <0.4° or <0.25°
Polishing: as cut, one or two sides polished
Roughness of surface: <0.03µm
Purity: 99.999%
Typical analysis (ppm): C 3
H < 1
O 9
N < 5
Cu 1.60
Fe 1.80
Ni < 1
Pb 0.30
Si 0.30

 
Ga, Hf and Ta are below the detection limit
 

Materials properties

Density: 6.24 g/cm3
Melting point: 449.55 °C / 722.7 °K
Boiling point: 989.85 °C / 1263.0 °K
Molar volume: 20.45 cm3
Thermal conductivity: 2.35 [300 K] Wm-1K-1
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion: 16.75 x 10-6 K-1
Electrical resistivity: 4.36x 10-3 [298 K] Wm
Mass magnetic susceptibility: -3.9 x 10-9(s) kg-1m3
Young's modulus: 47.1 GPa
Rigidity modulus: 16.7 GPa
Bulk modulus: n.a. GPa
Poisson's ratio: 0.16 - 0.3 GPa
Radii: Te3+ 56; Te4+ 97; Te2- 211; atomic 143; covalent 1
Electronegativity: 2.1 (Pauling); 2.01 (Allred); 5.49 eV (absolute)
Effective nuclear charge: 6.95 (Slater); 10.81 (Clementi); 13.51 (Froese-Fischer)
Number of Isotopes (incl. nuclear isomers): 39
Issotope mass range: 108 -> 137
Crystal structure, (cell dimentions / pm), space group Hexagonal
X-ray diffraction: mass absorption coefficients: CuKα 282 (µ/r) / cm2g-1
MoKα 35.0 (µ/r) / cm2g-1
Neutron scattering length: 0.580 b/10-12 cm
Thermal neutron capture cross-section: 4.7 sa / barns

 

Biological data

Biological role: none
Toxicity  
Toxic intake: Elemental tellurium has low toxicity but unpleasant side effects, producing extremely unpleasant bre
Lethal intake: 2 g of sodium tellurite has proved fatal to a human. LD50 (Te metal, oral, rat)= 83 mg kg-1
Hazards: Tellurium compounds are toxic by ingestion and intravenous routes. They are also considered to be experimental tetratogens.
Level in humans  
Blood: 0.0055 mg dm-3
Bone: n.a.
Liver: 0.014 p.p.m.
Muscle: 0.017 p.p.m.
Daily dietary intake: c. 0.6 mg
Total mass of element in average [70 kg] person: c. 0.7 mg

 

Geological data

MineralFormulaDensityHardnessCrystal apperance
Sylvanite AgAuTe4 8.16 1.5 - 2 mon., met. grey
Tellurite TeO2 5.90 2 orth., sub-adamantine white

 

Chief ore: none mined as such. Tellurium is obtained from the anode slime of copper refining.
World production: 215 tonnes/year
Main mining areas: Sylvanite in Australia, USA and Romania
Reserves: n.a.
Specimen: available as granules, ingots, pieces or powder. DANGER !

 

Abundances  
Sun: n.a.
Earth's crust: c. 0.005 p.p.m.
Seawater:  
Residence time:  
Classification: scavenged
Oxidation state: IV and VI; mainly VI

Übersicht der Elemente mit Zugang zu unserem Shop

1 18
H
 2 13 14 15 16 17
He
Li Be B C
N
O
F
Ne
Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Al Si P S
Cl
Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Br
Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo
Tc
 Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I
Xe
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi
Po
At
Ra
Fr
Ra
Ac
Ce Pr Nd
Pm
 Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu


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