Platin (Pt)

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Platin 78Pt195.09

Schon den Mayas bekannt und etwa 1750 nach Europa gebracht.

[Spanisch, platina = Silber]

French: platine
English: platinum
Italian: platino
Spanish: platino


Beschreibung: Silberweißes Metall, glänzend, verformbar, duktil. Wird von Sauerstoff und Wasser nicht angegriffen, löst sich nur in Königswasser und geschmolzenen Alkalien. Verwendung für Schmuck, Arzneimittel, Katalysatoren.

 

 

Platin single crystal properties

State: single crystal
Crystal structure: fcc
Production method: Czochralski
Standard size: diameter 10-12mm
thickness 1-2mm
Orientation: (100), (110) and (111)
Orientation accuracy: <2°, <1°, <0.4° or <0.1°
Polishing: as cut, one or two sides polished
Roughness of surface: <0.03µm
Purity: 99.99%
Typical analysis (ppm): C 3
H < 1
O 9
N < 5
Cu 1.60
Fe 1.80
Ni < 1
Pb 0.30
Si 0.30

 
Ga, Hf and Ta are below the detection limit
 

Materials properties

Density: 21.4 g/cm3
Melting point: 1771.85 °C / 2045 °K
Boiling point: 3826.85 ±100 °C / 4100±100 °K
Molar volume: 9.10 cm3
Thermal conductivity: 71.6 [300 K] Wm-1K-1
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion: 9.0 x 10-6 K-1
Electrical resistivity: 10.6x 10-8 [293 K] Wm
Mass magnetic susceptibility: +1.301 x 10-8(s) kg-1m3
Young's modulus: 170 GPa
Rigidity modulus: 60.9 GPa
Bulk modulus: 276 GPa
Poisson's ratio: 0.39 GPa
Radii: Pt4+ 70; Pt2+ 85; atomic 138; covalent 129
Electronegativity: 2.28 (Pauling); 1.44 (Allred); 5.6 eV (absolute)
Effective nuclear charge: 4.05 (Slater); 10.75 (Clementi); 15.65 (Froese-Fischer)
Number of Isotopes (incl. nuclear isomers): 36
Issotope mass range: 172 -> 201
Crystal structure, (cell dimentions / pm), space group fcc
X-ray diffraction: mass absorption coefficients: CuKα 200 (µ/r) / cm2g-1
MoKα 113 (µ/r) / cm2g-1
Neutron scattering length: 0.960 b/10-12 cm
Thermal neutron capture cross-section: 10.3 sa / barns

 

Biological data

Biological role: none
Toxicity  
Toxic intake: regarded as non-toxic
Lethal intake: LD50 (PtCl2, oral, rat)= 17.5 mg kg-1
Hazards: Platinum implants are generally tolerated by the body. Platinum salts are poisonous.
Level in humans  
Blood:  
Bone:  
Liver:  
Muscle:  
Daily dietary intake: n.a.
Total mass of element in average [70 kg] person: n.a

 

Geological data

MineralFormulaDensityHardnessCrystal apperance
Platiniridium (Ir, Pt) 22.7 6 - 7 cub., met. white
platinum Pt c. 21 4 - 4.5 cub., metallic white/grey

 

Chief ore: platinum ore; some platinum is extracted as a by-product of copper and nickel refining.
World production: 30 tonnes/year
Main mining areas: native platinum occurs naturally, mostly as nuggets, in the rivers of the Urals in Russia and in deposits in Canada, South Africa, Columbia and Peru.
Reserves: n.a.
Specimen: available as foil, gauze, sponge, powder or wire. Safe.

 

Abundances  
Sun: 56.2 (relative to H = 1 x 1012)
Earth's crust: c. 0.001 p.p.m.
Seawater:  
Residence time:  
Classification:  
Oxidation state: II

Übersicht der Elemente mit Zugang zu unserem Shop

1 18
H
 2 13 14 15 16 17
He
Li Be B C
N
O
F
Ne
Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Al Si P S
Cl
Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Br
Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo
Tc
 Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I
Xe
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi
Po
At
Ra
Fr
Ra
Ac
Ce Pr Nd
Pm
 Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu


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