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Terbium (Tb)
Wir sind führender Hersteller und Lieferant von Forschungsmaterialien
Terbium 65Tb158.92
1843 von C. G. Mosander in Stockholm, Schweden, entdeckt.
[Nach Ytterby, Schweden, benannt]
French: terbium
English: terbium
Italian: terbio
Spanish: terbio
Beschreibung: Silberweißes Metall, seltenes Element der Lanthanoidgruppe. Oxidiert langsam an der Luft, reagiert mit kaltem Wasser. Verwendung: Laser, Leuchtstoffe.
Further Materials properties
| Crystal structure: |
(cell dimensions/pm), space group, |
|---|---|
| X-ray diffractions mass absorption coefficients: | CuKa 273 (µ/r) / cm2g-1 MoKa 67.5 (µ/r) / cm2g-1 |
| Neutron scattering length: | 0.738 b/10-12 cm |
| Thermal neutron capture cross-section: | 23.4 sa / barns |
| Density: | 8229 kg/m-3 [293 K] |
| Melting point: | 1355.85°C / 1629°K |
| Boiling point: | 3122.85°C / 3396°K |
| Molar volume: | 19.31 cm3 |
| Thermal conductivity: | 11.1 [300 K] W m-1K-1 |
| Coefficient of linear thermal expansion: | 7.0 x 10-6 K-1 |
| Electrical resistivity: | 114 x 10-8 [295 K] Ωm |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility: | +1.15 x 10-5(s) kg-1m3 |
| Radi: | Tb4+ 81; Tb3+ 97; atomic 178; covalent 159 |
| Electronegativity: | n.a. (Pauling); 1.10 (Allred); ≤ 3.2 eV (absolute) |
| Effective nuclear charge: | 2.85 (Slater); 8.30 (Clementi); 11.39 (Froese-Fischer) |
| Number of Isotopes (incl. nuclear isomers): | 31 |
| Isotope mass range: | 145 -> 165 |
Biological data
| Biological role: | None. |
|---|---|
| Toxicity | |
| Toxic intake: | n.a. |
| Lethal intake: | LD50 (chloride, oral, mouse) = >5100 mg Kg-1 |
| Hazards: | Terbium is mildly toxic by ingestion, and is a skin and eye irritant. |
| Level in humans | |
| Organs: | n.a., but low |
| Daily dietary intake: | n.a. |
| Total mass of element in average [70 kg] person: |
n.a., but very low |
Geological data
| Minerals: | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mineral | Formula | Density | Hardness | Crystal apperance |
| Monazite* | (Ce, La, Nd, Th, etc.)PO4 | 5.20 | 5 - 5.5 | mon., waxy/vit. yellow-brown |
* Although not a major constituent, terbium is present in extractable amounts.
| Chief ores: | monazite |
|---|---|
| World production: | c. 10 tonnes/year |
| Producing areas: | USA, Brazil, India, Sri Lanka, Australia |
| Reserves: | c. 3 x 105 tonnes |
| Specimen: | available as chips or ingots. Safe. Terbium powder is very irritating to skin and eyes. Care! |
| Abundances | |
|---|---|
| Sun: | n.a. (relative to H = 1 x 1012) |
| Earth's crust: | 1.1 ppm |
| Seawater | |
| Atlantic surface: | 1 x 10-7 ppm |
| Atlantic deep: | 1.5 x 10-7 ppm |
| Pacific surface: | 0.8 x 10-7 ppm |
| Pacific deep: | 2.5 x 10-7 ppm |
| Residence time: | n.a. |
| Classification: | recycled |
| Oxidation state: | III |
Source: Emsley, J. (1998) The Elements (3rd Edition)
Other sizes and specifications on request
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