Europium (Eu)

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Europium 63Eu151.965

1901 von E.-A. Demarcay in Paris, Frankreich, entdeck.

[Nach Europa bennant]

French: europium
English: europium
Italian: europio
Spanish: europio


Beschreibung: Das seltenste und reaktivste Lanthanoid. Weiches, silberfarbiges Metall, das schnell mit Sauerstoff und Wasser reagiert. Wenig verwendet, z. B. für dünne Schichten supraleitender Legierungen.

  

Further Materials properties

 

Crystal structure:

(cell dimensions/pm), space group, 
b.c.c. (a=458.20), Im3m
X-ray diffractions mass absorption coefficients: CuKa 425 (µ/r) / cm2g-1
MoKa 61.5 (µ/r) / cm2g-1
Neutron scattering length: 0.722 b/10-12 cm
Thermal neutron capture cross-section: 4600 sa / barns
Density: 5243 kg/m-3 [293 K]
Melting point: 821,85°C / 1095°K
Boiling point: 1596,85°C / 1870°K
Molar volume: 28.98 cm3
Thermal conductivity: 13.9 [300 K] W m-1K-1
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion: 32 x 10-6 K-1
Electrical resistivity: 990.0 x 10-8 [298 K] Ωm
Mass magnetic susceptibility: +2.81 x 10-6(s) kg-1m3
Young's modulus: 18.2 GPa
Rigidity modulus: 7.9 GPa
Bulk modulus: 8.3 GPa
Poisson's ratio: 0.152 GPa
Radi: Eu3+ 98;Eu2+ 112; atomic 204; covalent 185
Electronegativity: n.a. (Pauling); 1.01 (Allred); ≤3.1 eV (absolute)
Effective nuclear charge: 2.85 (Slater); 8.11 (Clementi); 11.17 (Froese-Fischer)
Number of Isotopes (incl. nuclear isomers): 26
Isotope mass range: 141 -> 160

 

 

Biological data

 

Biological role: None.
Toxicity
Toxic intake: n.a.
Lethal intake: LD50 (nitrate, oral, mouse) > 5000 mg Kg-1
Hazards: Europium is mildly toxic by ingestion. 
Level in humans  n.a. but very low
Blood: n.a.
Bone: n.a.
Liver: n.a.
Muscle: n.a.
Daily dietary intake: n.a.
Total mass of element in average
[70 kg] person:		 n.a. but very low

 

Geological data

 

Minerals:
MineralFormulaDensityHardnessCrystal apperance
Bastnäsite-Ce*  (Ce, La, etc.) CO3F  4.9  4 - 4.5  hex., vit/ greasy yellow
Monazite-Ce*  (Ce, La, Nd, Th, etc.)PO4  5.20  5 - 5.5  mon., waxy/ vit. yellow-brown

* Although not a major constituent, europium is present in extractable amounts.

Chief ores: monazite, bastnäsite
World production: c. 400 tonnes/year
Main mining areas: USA, Brazil, India, Sri Lanka, Australia, China
Reserves: c. 1.5 x 106 tonnes
Specimen: available as ingots. Safer.

 

Abundances  
Sun: 5 (relative to H = 1 x 1012)
Earth's crust: 2.1 ppm
Seawater
Altantic surface: 0.9 x 10-7 ppm
Atlantic deep: 1.5 x 10-7 ppm
Pacific surface: 1.0 x 10-7 ppm
Pacific deep: 2.7 x 10-7 ppm
Residence time: 500 years
Classification: recycled
Oxidation state: III

  Source: Emsley, J. (1998) The Elements (3rd Edition)

Other sizes and specifications on request


Übersicht der Elemente mit Zugang zu unserem Shop

1 18
H
 2 13 14 15 16 17
He
Li Be B C
N
O
F
Ne
Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Al Si P S
Cl
Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Br
Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo
Tc
 Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I
Xe
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi
Po
At
Ra
Fr
Ra
Ac
Ce Pr Nd
Pm
 Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu


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